Printmaking

Printmaking

CLASS LECTURE: (January 31, 2017) & (February 2, 2017)

Make sure you retake the quizzes that you've missed! If you've missed two or more, you may not be able to retake them!

This is a good website to visit to review the processes!

<www.moma.org>

"What is a Print?"

Historical, Fine Art Printmaking

• There was a time when making a multiple of anything was really difficult to do.
• Multiple Originals
• Almost an oxymoron term
• An exact reproduction of something else.
• Mechanically reproduced = Reproduction
• Not that valuable
• The artist creates the surface
• And from that surface, he makes multiple originals.
• These are hand-done, and not machine-done.
• Carved wooden surface
• It gets covered with ink
• A paper is placed on top of it
• Pressure is put on the paper and wood
• A copy of the carving is printed on the paper.
• Matrix
• The surface they use (such as wood)
• Edition
• All of the copies are meant to be identical. Exactly the same.
• Most editions are fairly small.
• After the number of reproductions are printed (ex. 5/5 reproductions), the artist will put a large "X" on the wood as cancelation proof. This way, no one else can continue to make copies.
• How to tell the difference between reproductions and originals.
• Reproductions typically have...
• Really shiny paper
• A dot pattern
• Can't be seen with the naked eye.
• Sometimes considered a "fine art print".

Four Families of Printmaking

• Relief
• Reverse Print
• It will be printed backward

• 

  Two-Block Relief Print

• "Wood Cut"
• The raised surface that prints.
• Think of muddy boots or a rubber stamp.
• Woodcut, Linocut, and Wood Engraving
• To create a colored relief print, you have to use multiple blocks of approximately the same size.
• For example, you would use a block to print out the color blue on the paper, then you would use a different block afterward to print black on the paper.
• If you use multiple blocks, you have to register them.
•  Register
• Precise alignment of each block so that they line up together accurately to make a correct print.

Intaglio

• Intaglio
• Reverse Print
• Prints below the surface.
• Drypoint, Etching, Aquatint, and Mezzotint.
• Matrix:
• Copper, Zinc, Titanium, etc.

• Lithography
• Reverse Print

  

  Lithography on Limestone

• Created by Alois Senefelder
• "Stone Writing"
• Prints the surface
• Matrix
• Bavarian Limestone (most common) and Aluminum Plates
• Use lithographic crayons to draw on stone
• To make it look more like a watercolor, use tusche.
• Tusche is a greasy black liquid, used as ink to make lithographic drawings.

• Serigraphy
• Direct Print
• It will not be printed backwards.

  

  Serigraphy

• "Screen Print"
• "Cloth Writing"
• Print through a silk screen.
• Paint is "squeegee-ed" across the screen, and the exposed paper will be covered in paint.

Proofs

• Trial Prints

Edition

• Series, signed and numbered.

Standards of Printmaking

• Genuine work of the artist
• printed or supervised by artist
• each print is examined
• edition is specified and limited
• plate or block is cancelled
• artist signs and numbers each.

-End of Class Discussion-

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